Configuration as Code (CaC) platforms declaratively manage the configuration state of servers, network devices, and application runtimes — installing packages, rendering configuration files, managing services, and enforcing compliance baselines across fleets of hosts. Core capabilities include idempotent declarative resources, inventory and agent management, role-based reusable modules, environment-specific variables and secrets, drift detection, compliance reporting, and orchestration across heterogeneous environments. The category covers legacy and non-containerized workloads where Infrastructure as Code's resource primitives don't apply. Leading vendors and projects include Ansible (Red Hat/IBM), Chef (Progress), Puppet (Perforce), SaltStack (VMware), and CFEngine.