Cisco IOS XR ("XR") is Cisco’s network operating system used primarily on service-provider and high-end routing platforms (notably Cisco NCS and ASR 9000 families). It is intended for large-scale IP/MPLS backbones, internet peering, service aggregation, and related provider edge/core routing use cases, with design goals including high availability, modularity, and in-service operations.
Official product materials emphasize updated operational models and service-provider scale, with ongoing focus on automation and programmability via models/APIs and integration into Cisco’s broader networking software portfolio.